Paraplegia is a disturbance in motor function or sensory lower extremities. The word comes from the Ionic Greek ?????????? "half conspicuous". It is usually caused by a spinal cord injury or a congenital condition that affects the nerve (brain) element of the spinal canal. The area of ​​the spinal canal affected by paraplegia is the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral region. The common victims of this damage are veterans or members of the armed forces. If the four limbs are affected by paralysis, tetraplegia or quadriplegia is the right term. If only one limb is affected, the correct term is monoplegia.
Spastic paraplegia is a form of paraplegia defined by the affected muscle spasticity, not a soft paralytic.
The American Spinal Injury Association classifies the severity of spinal cord injuries. ASIA A is a loss of sensory function and motor skills completely under injury. ASIA B has some sensory functionality under injury, but no motor function. ASIA C some motor functions below the level of injury, but half the muscles can not move against gravity. ASIA D, more than half the muscles below the injury level can move against gravity. ASIA E which is the recovery of all neurological functions.
Video Paraplegia
Treatment
Individuals with paraplegia may range in the extent of their disability, requiring treatment varying from case to case. From a rehabilitation point of view, the most important factor is to gain as much functionality and independence as possible. Physiotherapists spend hours in rehabilitation settings working on strength, range of motion/stretching and transfer skills. The mobility of a wheelchair is also an important skill to learn. Most paraplegics will rely on wheelchairs as a mode of transportation. So it's important to teach them basic skills to gain their independence. The activities of daily life (ADL) can be quite challenging initially for those with spinal cord injury (SCI). With the help of physiotherapists and occupational therapists, individuals with SCI can learn new skills and adapt the previous ones to maximize independence, often independent living in society.
Regeneration of the spinal cord
The olfactory odor cells (OEC) have been successfully transplanted into the spinal cord of a Polish man named Darek Fidyka, who was the victim of a knife attack that paralyzed him in 2010. In 2014, Fidyka underwent a pioneering spinal surgery using a neural graft, from his ankle, to 'bridge the gap' in his disconnected spinal cord and OEC to stimulate the spinal cord cells. The surgery was done in Poland in collaboration with Prof Geoff Raisman, head of nerve regeneration at University College London's Institute of Neurology, and his research team. The olfactory cells are taken from the patient's olfactory lamp in his brain and then grow in the laboratory, these cells are then injected above and below the damaged spine tissue. Fidyka regains sensory and motor functioning in her lower limbs, especially on the transplanted OEC side. Fidyka first realizes his success three months after the procedure, when his left thigh starts to gain muscle mass. MRI showed that the gap in the spinal cord had been closed. He is believed to be the first person in the world to restore the sensory function of the spinal cord breakup.
Maps Paraplegia
See also
- Customize cars
- Cauda equina syndrome
- Hemiplegia
- Quadriplegia
- Hughes-Stovin syndrome
- Regeneration in humans
- Silent Body
- Sexuality after spinal cord injury
- Research on spinal cord injury
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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