George Harrison (February 25, 1943 - November 29, 2001) is a British guitarist, singer-songwriter and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of The Beatles. Often referred to as "the quiet Beatle", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through its incorporation with Indian instrumentation and Hindu spirituality in The Beatles. Although most of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most of the Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two compositions of Harrison. His songs for the group include "Taxman", "Within You Without You", "While My Guitar Weently Weeps", "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something", the latter being the second most-rated song of The Beatles.
Harrison's earliest musical influences include George Formby and Django Reinhardt; Carl Perkins, Chet Atkins, and Chuck Berry are the next influences. In 1965, he began leading the Beatles into folk rock through his interest in Byrds and Bob Dylan, and against Indian classical music through the use of his sitar on "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)". After initiating the band embracing Transcendental Meditation in 1967, he later developed an association with the Hare Krishna movement. After the band broke up in 1970, Harrison released a triple album All Things Must Pass, a critical work that produced the most successful hit single, "My Sweet Lord", and introduced his distinctive voice as a solo artist, slide guitar. He also organized the 1971 Concert for Bangladesh with Indian musician Ravi Shankar, a precursor to useful concerts in the future such as Live Aid. In his role as a music and film producer, Harrison produced a signed action to Apple's record label The Beatles before setting up Dark Horse Records in 1974 and co-founded HandMade Films in 1978.
Harrison released several singles and best-selling albums as a soloist. In 1988, he co-founded a super platinum sales group, Traveling Wilburys. As a prolific recording artist, he was featured as a guest guitarist on tracks by Badfinger, Ronnie Wood and Billy Preston, and collaborated on songs and music with Dylan, Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr, and Tom Petty. Rolling Stone Magazine placed it 11th in the "100 Greatest Guitar Players of All Time" list. He is twice a Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee - as a member of The Beatles in 1988, and posthumously for his solo career in 2004.
Harrison's first marriage, to Pattie Boyd's model in 1966, ended in a divorce in 1977. The following year he married Olivia Arias, with whom he had a son, Dhani. Harrison died in 2001, aged 58, due to lung cancer associated with years of smoking. His body was cremated and his ashes were spread according to the Hindu tradition in private ceremonies in the Ganges and Yamuna River in India. He left the estate nearly 100 million pounds.
Video George Harrison
Tahun-tahun awal: 1943-1957
Harrison was born at 12 Arnold Grove in Liverpool, England on February 25, 1943. He is the youngest of four children Harold Hargreaves (or Hargrove) Harrison (1909-1978) and Louise (nÃÆ' Â © e French; 1911-1970). Harold was a bus conductor who had worked as a housekeeper on the White Star Line, and Louise was an assistant Irish Catholic shopkeeper. He has one sister, Louise (born August 16, 1931), and two brothers, Harold (born 1934) and Peter (July 20, 1940 - June 1, 2007).
According to Boyd, Harrison's mother is very supportive: "All he wants for his children is they must be happy, and he admits that nothing makes George happy enough like making music." Louise is an enthusiastic fan of music, and she is known amongst her friends for her loud voice, which sometimes surprises the visitors by shaking Harrison's windows. When Louise was pregnant with George, she often listened to the weekly broadcast of Radio India . Harrison biographer Joshua Greene writes, "Every Sunday he listens to the mystical voices raised by sitars and tablas, hoping exotic music will bring peace and calm to the baby in the womb."
Harrison lived the first four years of his life at 12 Arnold Grove, Wavertree, Liverpool, a terraced house at a dead end. The house has an outdoor toilet and the heat only comes from a single coal fire. In 1949, the family was offered a city council and moved to 25 Upton Green, Speke. In 1948, at the age of five, Harrison enrolled in Dovedale Primary School. He passed the eleven plus exam and attended Liverpool Institute High School for Boys from 1954 to 1959. Although the institute offered music lessons, Harrison was disappointed with the absence of guitars, and felt the school was "shaping [the students] into fear."
Harrison's earliest musical influences include George Formby, Cab Calloway, Django Reinhardt and Hoagy Carmichael; by the 1950s, Carl Perkins and Lonnie Donegan were significant influences. In early 1956 he had enlightenment: while riding his bike, he heard Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" from a nearby house, and the song tickled his interest in rock and roll music. He often sat behind a guitar drawing a class in his schoolbook, and then commented, "I'm really a guitarist." Harrison calls Slim Whitman another early influence: "The first person I've ever seen playing guitar is Slim Whitman, either a photo of herself in a magazine or directly on television. Guitar is coming."
Although Harold Harrison worried about his son's interest in pursuing a musical career, in 1956 he bought a flat acoustic guitar from George Egmond, which, according to Harold, was worth £ 3.10 (equivalent to Ã, Â £ 100 in 2018). One of his father's friends taught Harrison how to play "Whispering", "Sweet Sue" and "Dinah", and, inspired by Donegan's music, Harrison formed a skiffle group called Rebels with his brother Peter and a friend, Arthur Kelly. On the bus to school, Harrison meets Paul McCartney, who also attends the Liverpool Institute, and the couple is tied to their love of music. The Beatles: 1958-1970
Harrison became part of The Beatles with McCartney and John Lennon when the band was still a skiffle group called Quarrymen. McCartney told Lennon about his friend Harrison, who can play "Raunchy" on his guitar. In March 1958, Harrison auditioned for Quarrymen at Rory Storm's Morgue Skiffle Club, playing Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith "Guitar Boogie Shuffle", but Lennon felt that the 15-year-old Harrison was too young to join the band. During the second meeting, arranged by McCartney, he performed the main guitar part for the instrumental "Raunchy" on the top deck of a Liverpool bus. He started socializing with the group, filling the guitar as needed, and being accepted as a member. Although his father wanted him to continue his education, Harrison left school at the age of 16 and worked for several months as an electrical technician at Blacklers, a local department store. During the first tour of the Scottish group, in 1960, Harrison used the pseudonym "Carl Harrison", referring to Carl Perkins.
In 1960, promoter Allan Williams arranged for the band, now calling themselves The Beatles, to play at Indra and Kaiserkeller clubs in Hamburg, both owned by Bruno Koschmider. Harrison's impromptu music education was received while playing with The Beatles, as well as guitar lessons he took from Tony Sheridan while they briefly served as his support group, laying the groundwork of his voice and his role in the group; he became known as "the quiet Beatle". The band's first residency in Hamburg ended prematurely when Harrison was deported for being too young to work in a nightclub. When Brian Epstein became their manager in December 1961, he polished up their image and secured them a recording contract with EMI. The group's first single, "Love Me Do", reached number seventeen on the Record Retailer chart, and by the time their debut album, Please Please Me, was released in early 1963, Beatlemania has arrived. Their second album, With the Beatles (1963), included "Do not Bother Me", Harrison's first solo writing credits.
In 1965 Rubber Soul, Harrison began leading other Beatles into folk rock through his interest in Byrds and Bob Dylan, and against Indian classical music through the use of his sitar on "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Fly)". He then called his Rubber Soul "his favorite [Beatles]" album. Revolver (1966) included three compositions: "Taxman", "Love You To" and "I Want to Tell You". His introduction to the drone-like moors in Lennon "Tomorrow Never Knows" exemplifies the ongoing exploration of non-Western instruments. The tabla-driven "Love You To" is the first original Beatles film into Indian music. According to ethnomusicologist David Reck, the song became a precedent in popular music as an example of Asian culture represented by Westerners with respect and without parody. Harrison continues to develop interest in non-Western instrumentation, playing swarmandal in "Strawberry Fields Forever".
At the end of 1966, Harrison's interest shifted from The Beatles. This is reflected in the choice of Eastern teachers and religious leaders to be included in the album cover for Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band in 1967. The only composition on the album was "In You Without You" inspired by India, which has no other Beatle contribution. He plays sitar and tambura on the track, which is supported by musicians from the London Asian Music Circle in dilruba, swarmandal and tabla. He then commented on Sgt. Pepper album: "This is a millstone and a milestone in the music industry... There are about half the songs I like and the other half I can not stand."
In 1968, the song "The Inner Light" was recorded at the EMI studio in Bombay, featuring a group of local musicians playing traditional Indian musical instruments. Released as B-side to "Lady Madonna" McCartney, it was the first Harrison composition to appear in the Beatles single. Originally from a quote from Tao Te Ching , the lyrics of the song reflect an increasingly deep interest in Hinduism and Aaron's meditation, while his music embraces the discipline of Karnatak Indian music, rather than the Hindustani style of his earlier work in the stream. During the Beatles recording of the same year, the tension within the group became high, and Ringo Starr drummer paused. The contribution of Harrison's songwriting to a double album includes "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", featuring Eric Clapton on lead guitar, "Piggies", "Long, Long, Long" and "Savoy Truffle".
Dylan and Band were the main musical influences on Harrison at the end of his career with the Beatles. While visiting Woodstock in late 1968, he established friendships with Dylan and found himself drawn to the Band's feelings about communal music making and creative equality among band members, in contrast to Lennon and McCartney's dominance of The Beatles. songwriting and creative direction. This coincided with a period of productive writing of the song and a growing desire to assert its independence from The Beatles, the tension of which reappeared in January 1969, during the filming of the drills at Twickenham Studios for what became Let It Be's album < >. Frustrated by poor working conditions in a cold and sterile film studio, and by what he considers to be Lennon's creative release from The Beatles and a dominating attitude from McCartney, Harrison withdrew from the group on January 10 but agreed to return twelve days later..
The relationship among the Beatles was more friendly, though still tense, during the sessions for their last record album, Abbey Road . LP included two of the most respected Beatles compositions at Harrison: "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something", which became one-half of the first two The Beatles, Harrison's first A-side, and the first Harrison song to reach the top of the charts. In 1969, Frank Sinatra recorded "Something", and then called it "the greatest love song of the last fifty years". Lennon thinks of it as the best song on Abbey Road, and it became the second most-featured song of the Beatles after "Yesterday". Author Peter Lavezzoli writes: "Harrison will eventually achieve the same songwriting status... with his two classic contributions to the late LP the Beatles".
In April 1970 when "For You Blue" Harrison was released in America as a double A-side with McCartney's "The Long and Winding Road", it became the second band to top A-side and "For You Blue" to Harrison's number one hit second. The increase in productivity and the Beatles' reluctance to incorporate their songs into their albums meant that by the time they broke up, he had collected a stack of unreleased compositions. While Harrison grew up as a songwriter, the presence of his compositions on the Beatles album remained limited to two or three songs, increasing his annoyance, and significantly contributing to the band's split. Harrison's last recording session with The Beatles was on January 4, 1970, when he, McCartney and Starr recorded Harrison's song "I Me Mine".
Maps George Harrison
Career solo: 1968-1987
Early solo work: 1968-1969
Before The Beatles broke up, Harrison already recorded and released two solo albums: Wonderwall Music and Voice Electronic , both of which contained instrumental compositions. Wonderwall Music, the 1968 soundtrack of Wonderwall, incorporates Indian and Western instrumentation, while Electronic Sound is an experimental album that clearly features a Moog synthesizer. Released in November 1968, Wonderwall Music was the first solo album by Beatle and the first LP released by Apple Records. Indian musicians Aashish Khan and Shivkumar Sharma appeared on the album, which contained an experimental experimental sound "Dream Scene", recorded several months before Lennon's "Revolution 9".
In December 1969, Harrison participated in a short tour of Europe with the Delaney & amp; Bonnie and Friends. During the tour included Clapton, Bobby Whitlock, drummer Jim Gordon and band leaders Delaney and Bonnie Bramlett, Harrison began writing "My Sweet Lord", which became his first single as a solo artist. Delaney Bramlett inspired Harrison to study slide guitar, significantly affecting music later.
All Things Must Pass : 1970
For years, Harrison was limited in his songwriting contributions to the Beatles' albums, but he released All Things Must Pass, a triple album with two disc songs and a third recording of Harrison's recording with a friend -friend. The album is considered by many to be his best work, and topped the charts on both sides of the Atlantic. LP produced the number one single "My Sweet Lord" and the top ten "What Is Life". The album was produced jointly by Phil Spector using the "Wall of Sound" approach, and the musicians included Starr, Clapton, Gary Wright, Preston, Klaus Voormann, the entire band Delaney and Bonnie's Friends and Apple Badfinger group. On release, All Things to Pass are accepted with critical acclaim; Ben Gerson of Rolling Stone describes it as "the classic proportions of Spectorian, Wagnerian, Brucknerian, mountain top music and wide horizon". Writer and music expert Ian Inglis considers the lyrics of the album's title track "the recognition of the impermanence of human existence... a simple and sharp conclusion" for the former band Harrison. In 1971, Bright Tunes sued Harrison for copyright infringement on "My Sweet Lord", due to his resemblance to the 1963 Chiffons on "He's So Fine". When the case was heard in the US district court in 1976, he denied deliberately plagiarizing the song, but lost the case, because the judge ruled that he had done so unknowingly.
In 2000, Apple Records released the thirtieth anniversary of the album, and Harrison actively participated in his promotions. In an interview, he reflects on the work: "It's just something like my continuation of The Beatles, really. It's me out of The Beatles and just goin my own way... it's a very happy moment." He commented about the production: "Well, in those days it's like a little reverb it's used a bit more than what I'm going to do now.In fact, I do not use reverb at all.I can not stand it.. You know, it's hard to get back to what then thirty years later and expect it the way you want it now. "
Concert for Bangladesh: 1971
Harrison responded to a request from Ravi Shankar by organizing a charity event, Concert for Bangladesh, which took place on 1 August 1971. The event attracted over 40,000 people to two shows at Madison Square Garden, New York. The purpose of the event was to raise money to help the hungry refugees during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Shankar opened the show, which featured popular musicians such as Dylan, Clapton, Leon Russell, Badfinger, Preston, and Starr.
A triple album, Live in the Material World for George Harrison : 1973-1979
Harrison will never again release an album that matches the critical and commercial achievement of All Things Must Pass ; However, her next solo album, 1973's Living in the Material World, was ranked number one on the Billboard album chart for five weeks, and the single album, "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth) ", also reached number one in the US. In the UK, LP reached number two, spending 12 weeks on the charts with the singles peaking at number 8. The album was produced and packed luxuriously, and the dominant message was Hindu Harrison belief. In Greene's opinion, "it contains many of the strongest compositions of his career". Stephen Holden, writing at Rolling Stone, thought the album was "very interesting" and "very seductive", and it stood "itself as an article of faith, magical in its radiance". The other reviewers are less enthusiastic, describing liberation as awkward, self-righteous and too sentimental, a reaction that makes Harrison sad.
In November 1974, Harrison became the first Beatle to tour North America when he started his 45-year-old Dark Horse Tour. Performances by Harrison include ensemble musicians such as Preston, Tom Scott, Willie Weeks, Andy Newmark and Jim Horn. The tour also includes traditional and contemporary Indian music performed by "Ravi Shankar, Family and Friends". Despite many positive reviews, the consensus reaction to the tour was negative, with complaints about the content, structure, and length - the duration of the two-and-a-half-hour show looks excessive. Some fans regard Shankar's significant presence as a strange disappointment, expecting only to see Harrison perform, and many are humiliated by what Inglis describes as Harrison's "sermon". Further, he worked on the lyrics for some Beatles songs, and some substitutions were seen as "gratuitously offensive". The vocalist affected by laryngitis also disappointed fans and critics, who began calling for a "dark hoarse" tour. Harrison was deeply troubled by the harsh reaction that he did not tour again until the 1990s. Author Robert Rodriguez commented: "While the Dark Horse tour may be considered a noble failure, there are a number of fans who are interested in what is being tried.They go happily, realizing that they have just witnessed something so stressful that it will never be repeated. "Simon Leng called the tour a" breakthrough "and" revolutionary in his presentation of Indian music ".
In December, Harrison released Dark Horse , which was an album that earned him the most unfavorable judgment of his career. Rolling Stone called it "chronicles a player of his element, works towards deadlines, reduces his overtaxed talent in a hurry to deliver new 'LP products', train bands, and assemble a cross-country tour, all in three weeks ". The album reached number 4 on the Billboard and the single "Dark Horse" reached number 15, but they failed to make an impact in England. Music critic Mikal Gilmore describes the Dark Horse as "one of Harrison's most fascinating works - a record of change and loss".
Harrison's last studio album for EMI and Apple Records was soul-inspired soul music Extra Texture (Read All About It) (1975). He thinks it's the least satisfying of all three that he has recorded since the All Things Must Pass . Leng identifies "bitterness and disappointment" on many album tracks; his old friend Klaus Voormann commented: "He was not ready for that... It was a horrible time because I thought there was a lot of cocaine going around, and that's when I got out of the picture... I do not like the frame of his mind". She released two singles from LP: "You", which reached Billboard 20, and "This Guitar (Can not Keep from Cryinging"), Apple's last original release.
Thirty-three & amp; 1/3 (1976), Harrison's first album release on Dark Horse Records own label, resulting in hit singles "This Song" and "Crackerbox Palace", both reaching the top 25 in the US. The surreal humor of the "Crackerbox Palace" reflects Harrison's relationship with Eric Idle of Monty Python, who directed a funny music video for the song. With an emphasis on melody and music, and the more subtle subject of the pious message of his earlier works, Thirty Three & amp; 1/3 got Harrison his most profitable critical notice in the US since All Things to Pass .
In 1979, Harrison released George Harrison , who followed his second marriage and the birth of his son, Dhani. The album and the single "Blow Away" both make the top 20 Billboard. This album marks the start of Harrison's gradual slowdown of the music business, and the result of ideas introduced at All Things Must Pass . His father's death in May 1978 and his son's birth in August subsequently influenced his decision to devote more time to his family than his career. Leng described the album as "melodic and fertile... peaceful... the work of a man who has been living a rock and roll dream twice more and is now embracing domestic and spiritual happiness".
Somewhere in the UK to Cloud Nine : 1980-1987
The murder of John Lennon on December 8, 1980 upsets Harrison and reinforces the worry for decades about stalkers. The tragedy was also a profound personal loss, though unlike McCartney and Starr, Harrison and Lennon had little contact in the years before Lennon was killed. After the murder, Harrison commented: "After all we shared with I have and still have great love and respect for John Lennon, I am shocked and astonished."
Harrison modified the song lyrics he wrote for Starr to make the song a tribute to Lennon. "All Those Years Ago", which included vocal contributions from Paul and Linda McCartney, as well as the original drum section of Starr, peaked at number two on the US charts. The single was included on Somewhere in England's 1981 album. Harrison did not release a new album for five years after 1982 Gone Troppo received little notice from critics or the public.
During this period he made several guest appearances, including performances in 1985 as a tribute to Carl Perkins entitled Suede Blue Shoes: A Rockabilly Session . In March 1986 he made a surprise appearance during the final of the Birmingham Throat Heart Concert, an event organized to raise money for Birmingham Children's Hospital. The following year, he appeared at The Prince's Trust concert at London's Wembley Arena, performing "While My Guitar Weently Weeps" and "Here Comes the Sun". In February 1987 he joined Dylan, John Fogerty and Jesse Ed Davis on stage for a two hour show with blues musician Taj Mahal. Harrison remembers: "Bob called me and asked me if I wanted to go out for the night and see the Taj Mahal... So we went there and had some Mexican beer - and had a few more... Bob said, 'Hey, why are we all not get up and play, and you can sing? ' But every time I approached the microphone, Dylan appeared and started singing this garbage in my ears, trying to throw me. "
In November 1987 Harrison released the album platinum Cloud Nine . Produced with Jeff Lynne of Electric Light Orchestra, this LP includes Harrison's lowly Jamesmy's "Got My Mind Set on You", which is number one in the US and number two in the UK. The accompanying music video received a great repetition, and another single, "When We Was Fab", a retrospective of the Beatles career, won two MTV Music Video Awards nominations in 1988. Recorded on the ground at Friar Park, the Harrison guitar slide show featured prominently at album, which included several of his musical collaborators, including Clapton, Jim Keltner, and Jim Horn, who remembers Harrison's relaxed and friendly manner during the session: "George makes you feel at home, at his home. He once told me to sit on the toilet and play sopranos sax me, and they miked at the end of the hall for a distant sound.I thought they were joking... Next time he stopped me in the middle of solo sax and brought me tea at 3 pm - again I think he was kidding. " Cloud Nine reached number eight and number ten on the US and UK charts, and some tracks from the album reached placement on Billboard ' s Mainstream Rock chart - "Devil's Ra dio "," This Is Love "and" Cloud 9 ".
Career at a later date: 1988-1996
The Traveling Wilburys: 1988-1990
In 1988, Harrison formed Traveling Wilburys with Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, Bob Dylan, and Tom Petty. The band gathered in Dylan's garage to record a song to release a Harrison Europe single. The record company Harrison decided the track, "Handle with Care", was too good for his initial goal as a B-side and asked for a full album. LP, Travel Wilburys Vol. 1 , was released in October 1988 and recorded under a pseudonym, allegedly the children of Charles Truscott Wilbury, a pseudonym Sr. Harrison on the first album is "Nelson Wilbury"; he used the name "Spike Wilbury" for their second album.
After Orbison's death in December 1988, the group was recorded as four parts. Their second release, issued in October 1990, entitled "Travel Wilburys Vol." 3 . According to Lynne, "It was George's idea, he said, 'Let's bother the troublemakers.'" It reached number 14 in the UK, where it went platinum, with certified sales of over 3,000,000 units. Wilburys never appeared in person, and the group did not record together again after releasing their second album.
In 1989, Harrison and Starr appeared in the music video for Tom Petty's song "I Will not Back Down". Starr was filmed playing drums, but not playing on the track; Harrison plays an acoustic guitar and provides backing vocals. In December 1991, Harrison joined Clapton for a tour of Japan. It was Harrison's first since 1974 and nothing else followed. On April 6, 1992, Harrison held a charity concert for the Natural Law Party at the Royal Albert Hall, the first show in London since the Beatles concert in 1969. In October 1992, he performed at the Bob Dylan awards concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City, playing with Dylan, Clapton, McGuinn, Petty and Neil Young. The Beatles Anthology : 1995-1996
In 1994 Harrison began a collaboration with McCartney, Starr and producer Jeff Lynne for the Beatles Anthology project. This includes recording of two new Beatles songs built around vocal recording and solo piano recorded by Lennon as well as a lengthy interview about The Beatles' career. Released in December 1995, "Free as a Bird" was the first single Beatles first since 1970. In March 1996, they released their second single, "Real Love". Harrison refused to participate in the completion of the third song. He then commented on the project: "I hope somebody did this for all my nonsense demos when I die, making them a hit song."
After the Anthology project, Harrison collaborated with Ravi Shankar on the last Chants of India . Harrison's latest television appearance was a special VH-1 to promote the album, recorded in May 1997. In January 1998, Harrison attended Carl Perkins funeral in Jackson, Tennessee, performing a short song Perkins song "Your True Love". In June 1998, he attended a public memorial service for Linda McCartney, and appeared on the Starr Vertical Man album, playing the guitar on two songs.
Musician
Songwriting
Harrison wrote his first song, "Do not Bother Me", while sick in a hotel bed in Bournemouth during August 1963, as "an exercise to see if I can
His songwriting skills improved throughout The Beatles' career, but the material did not get the full respect of Lennon, McCartney and producer George Martin to the point of breaking the group. In 1969, McCartney told Lennon: "Until this year, our song is better than George's song, now this year the songs are at least as good as our song". Harrison often had trouble getting the band to record his songs. Most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two compositions of Harrison; three of his songs appeared on Revolver, the album in which Harrison came of age as a songwriter, according to Inglis.
From 1967 Harrison song "Within You Without You", author Gerry Farrell claims that Harrison has created a "new form", calling the composition "a classic blend of Indian and pop music". Lennon described the song as one of Harrison's best songs: "His mind and music are clear, there is his innate talent, he brings the sound together." Beatles writer Bob Spitz described "Something" as a masterpiece, and "a very challenging romantic ballad that will challenge 'Yesterday' and 'Michelle' as one of the most familiar songs they have ever produced. According to Kenneth Womack, "Harrison comes to himself on Abbey Road... 'Here Comes the Sun' is matched - indeed, surpassed - only by 'Something', his ultimate accomplishment." Inglis considers Abbey Road a turning point in the development of Harrison as a songwriter and musician. He described Harrison's contribution to LP as "beautiful", stating they are similar to previous Beatles songs. During the recording of the album, Harrison asserted more creative control than ever, proactively rejecting suggestions for changes to his music or lyrics, especially from McCartney.
His interest in Indian music proved a powerful influence on the songwriting and contributed to the innovation in The Beatles. According to Mikal Gilmore of Rolling Stone, "Harris's openness to new sounds and textures clears new paths for rock and roll compositions, and dissonance use in your revolutionary 'Taxman' and 'I Want to Tell' popular music - and perhaps more initially creative than the avant-garde behavior that Lennon and McCartney borrowed from Karlheinz Stockhausen's music, Luciano Berio, Edgard VarÃÆ'¨se and Igor Stravinskyà ¢ â,‰ € In 1997, Gerry Farrell commented: "This is a sign of Harrison's sincere involvement... that, almost thirty years later, The Beatles' "Indian" songs remain the most imaginative and successful example of this type of fusion. "
Guitar work
Harrison's guitar work with The Beatles is diverse and flexible; Although not fast or flashy, the main guitar game was solid and symbolized the lead guitar style more quietly in the early 1960s; playing his rhythm guitar is innovative, such as using capo to shorten acoustic guitar strings, such as Rubber Soul's album and "Here Comes the Sun", to create a bright and sweet sound.. Eric Clapton feels that Harrison is "clearly an innovator" because he "takes elements of R & B and rock and rockabilly and creates something unique". Rolling Stone Founder Jann Wenner describes Harrison as "a guitarist who never stands out but has a natural melodic flavor, he plays very well in serving songs". Harrison's friend and former teammate Tom Petty agrees: "He just has a way to get the right business, to find the right thing to play." The style of choosing guitar Chet Atkins and Carl Perkins influenced Harrison, giving the country music nuance to many recordings of The Beatles. He identifies Chuck Berry as an early influence and Ry Cooder as an important influence later on.
In 1961, The Beatles recorded "Cry for a Shadow", a blues-inspired instrument written by Lennon and Harrison, who is credited with composing the main guitar parts of the song, building an unusual chord sound and imitating other English group styles such as as a Shadow. Music expert Walter Everett notes that when the earliest compositions of the Beatles were usually held close to conventional patterns in rock music at the time, he also identified significant variations in their rhythm and tonal direction. Harris's liberal use on a diatonic scale in his guitar game reveals the influence of Buddy Holly, and his interest in Berry inspired him to write songs based on blues scales while incorporating rockabilly nuances in Perkins style. In this framework he often uses syncopation, such as during his guitar solo for the Beatles cover of Berry "Roll Over Beethoven" and "Too Much Monkey Business". Another technique of Harrison music is the use of guitar lines written in octaves, as in "I'll Be on My Way". He was the first to have Rickenbacker 360/12, twelve string guitar, eight low set in pairs, one separate octave; higher four pairs tuned in unison. The Rickenbacker is unique among twelve-string guitars in having an octave string lower than each of the first four pairs placed on top of a higher-tuned string. This, and the rich natural harmonics produced by twelve-stringed guitars give the typical nuances found on many Beatles recordings. The use of this guitar during the recording of A Hard Day's Night helped popularize the model, and the jangly sound became so prominent that Melody Maker called it the Beatles' "secret weapon".
Harrison wrote the chord progressions of his first published song, "Do not Bother Me" (1963), almost exclusively in Dorian mode, showing interest in an exotic tone that eventually culminated in the embrace of Indian music. The dark timbre of his guitar playing on the track was emphasized by him using the uncomplicated yet effective 9 C sound chord and solo in a small pentatonic scale. In 1964 he began to develop a distinctive personal style as a guitarist, writing parts that featured the use of unsolved tones, such as with the arpeggio's final chord on "A Hard Day's Night". In 1965 he used an expression pedal to control the volume of his guitar on "I Need You", creating a syncope flautando effect with melody that solved the dissonance through tonal displacements. He used the same swell-volume technique on "Yes It Is", applying what Everett described as "ghostly articulation" into the song's natural harmonics.
"If I Needed Someone", Harrison said: "It's like millions of other songs written around the D chord. If you move your fingers, You get a variety of small melodies... it surprises me that people still find new permutations of the same note. "Another contribution to the album," Think for Yourself ", features what Everett describes as" ambiguous color tinting ", using chromaticism in G major with a "weird" mixture of Dorian and minor pentatonic modes; he called it a "tour de force of scale scale". In 1966 Harrison contributed an innovative musical idea to Revolver . He plays guitar backwards in Lennon's compositions "I'm Only Sleeping" and a counter-melody guitar on "And Your Bird Can Sing" which moves on a parallel octave over McCartney's downstairs bass. The guitar plays in "I Want to Tell You" exemplifies the chordal color pair that is transformed with the downed colored lines and the guitar part for "Lucy in the Sky" sgt Pepper ' with Diamonds "reflecting Lennon's vocal lines in the same way as sarangi players accompany khyal singers in Hindu musings.
Everett described Harrison's guitar solo from "Old Brown Shoe" as "stinging [and] very Claptonesque". He identifies two significant compositional motifs: trichord bluesy and triadord are reduced with roots A and E. Huntley calls the song "a rocker who hissed with a ferocious solo". In Greene's opinion, Harrison's demo for "Old Brown Shoe" contains "one of the most elaborate solo guitar songs on any Beatles song".
Harrison played on Abbey Road, and especially on "Something," marking an important moment in his development as a guitarist. Solo guitar songs show a variety of influences, combining Clapton blues guitar style and Indian gamakas style. According to music writer and writer Kenneth Womack: "'Something' winding towards the most unforgettable of Harrison's guitar solo... A work in simplicity, [it] reaches in a noble direction". Harrison received the Ivor Novello award in July 1970 for "Something", as "Best Musical Song and Lyrics of the Year".
After Delaney Bramlett inspired her to learn slide guitar, Harrison began to incorporate it into her solo work, allowing her to imitate many traditional Indian instruments, including nests and dilruba. Leng describes Harrison's slide guitar solo in Lennon's "How Do You Sleep?" as a departure for the "Something 'sweet solo", calling his game "really famous... one of Harrison's greatest guitar statements". Lennon commented: "It was the best he ever played in his life."
The Hawaiian influence is well-known in many of Harrison's music, from its slide guitar work on Gone Troppo (1982) to her television appearance about the Calloway Cab standard "Between Devils and the Blue Seas" in 1992. Lavezzoli describes Harrison's slides played on the Grammy-winning instrumental "Marwa Blues" (2002) as showing the influence of Hawaii while comparing melodies with Indian sarod or veena, calling it "another demonstration of Harrison's unique slide approach". Harrison is an admirer of George Formby and a member of the Ukulele Society of Great Britain, and plays the ukulele solo in the Formby style at the end of "Free as a Bird". He appeared at the Formby convention in 1991, and served as honorary president of the George Formby Appreciation Society. Harrison plays bass guitar in many songs, including Beatles songs "She Said She Said", "Golden Slumbers", "Birthday" and "Honey Pie". He also played bass on several solo recordings, including "Faster", "Wake Up My Love" and "Bye Bye Love".
Guitar
When Harrison joined Quarrymen in 1958, his main guitar was HÃÆ'¶fner President Acoustic, which he soon traded for the HÃÆ'¶fner Club 40 model. His first solid-body electric guitar was the Czech-made Jolana Futurama/Grazioso. The guitar he used on the early recording was primarily a Gretsch model, played via a Vox booster, including the Gretsch Duo Jet he bought directly in 1961, and posed with on the album cover for Cloud Nine (1987). He also purchased Gretsch Tennessean and Gretsch Country Gentleman, which he played on "She Loves You", and during the 1964 Beatles performance on The Ed Sullivan Show . In 1963 he bought Rickenbacker 425 Fireglo, and in 1964 he obtained the Rickenbacker 360/12 guitar, which is the second of its kind to be produced. Harrison earned his first Fender Stratocaster in 1965 and first used it during album recording Help! in February; he also used it when recording Ruby Soul later that year, especially on the song "Nowhere Man".
In early 1966, Harrison and Lennon each purchased Epiphone Casinos (McCartney has had them since 1965), used on Revolver . Harrison also uses Gibson J-160E and Gibson SG Standard while recording an album. He then paints his Stratocaster in a psychedelic design that includes the word "Bebopalula" on the pickguard and the nickname of the guitar, "Rocky", on the headstock. He played this guitar on the Magical Mystery Tour and throughout his solo career. In mid-1968 he obtained Gibson Les Paul who was nicknamed "Lucy". Around this time, he obtained the Gibson Jumbo J-200, which he used for the initial demo of "While My Guitar Weently Weeps". At the end of 1968 the Fender Musical Instruments Corporation gave Harrison a specially designed Rosewood Fender Telecaster prototype made especially for him by Philip Kubicki (who would later start his own business, Factor), a Fender master maker who also created the Stratocaster prototype for Jimi Hendrix. In August 2017, Fender released the "Limited Edition of George Harrison Rosewood Telecaster" which was modeled after Telecaster Roger Rossmeisel originally made for Harrison.
Collaboration
From 1968 onwards, Harrison collaborated with other musicians; he brought Eric Clapton to play the lead guitar "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" for the 1968 Beatles White Album, and collaborated with John Barham on his debut album in 1968,
Harrison co-wrote the song "Badge" with Clapton, which was included in Cream's 1969 album, Goodbye . Harrison plays a rhythm guitar on the track, using the pseudonym "L'Angelo Misterioso" for contractual reasons. In May of 1970 he played guitar on several songs during a recording session for Dylan's New Morning album. In addition to his own work, between 1971 and 1973 he co-wrote and/or produced three top ten hits for Starr: "Not Easy to Come", "Backward Boogaloo" and "Photos". In 1971 he played an electric slide guitar on "How Do You Sleep?" and dobro on "Crippled Inside", both from the album Lennon Imagine . Also in that year, he produced and played guitar slides on ten hit tops of Badfinger "Day After Day", and dobro in Preston "I Wrote a Simple Song". He worked with Harry Nilsson on "You're Breakin 'My Heart" (1972) and with Cheech & amp; Chong on "Basketball Jones" (1973). In 1973 he produced and made guest appearances on the album Shankar Family & amp; Friends .
In 1974 Harrison founded Dark Horse Records. In addition to finally releasing his own album on the label, he initially used the company as a way to collaborate with other musicians. He wants the Dark Horse to function as a creative outlet for artists, as did Apple Records for The Beatles. Harrison explains: "Most things will be what I produce". Eric Idle commented: "He is very generous, and he supports everyone you will never hear." The first actions signed to the new label were Ravi Shankar and Splinter, whose Harrison album was produced, which gave the Dark Horse their first hit, "Costafine Town". Other artists signed by Dark Horse include Attitudes, Henry McCullough, Jiva, and Stairsteps.
Harrison collaborated with Tom Scott on Scott's New York Connection (1976) album, and in 1981 he played guitar on "Walk a Thin Line", from Mick Fleetwood The Visitor. In 1996 he recorded "Distance Makes No Difference With Love" with Carl Perkins, and played a guitar slide on Dylan's album title track Under the Red Sky . In 2001 he appeared as a guest musician on comeback albums Jeff Lynne and Electric Light Orchestra Zoom , and on the song "Love Letters" for Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings. He also co-wrote a new song with his son, Dhani, "Horse to Water", which was recorded on October 2, eight weeks before his death. It appeared on Jools Holland's album Small World, Big Band .
Indian Cyber ​​and music
During the American tour of The Beatles in August 1965, Harrison friend David Crosby of Byrds introduced him to Indian classical music and the work of the sitar maestro Ravi Shankar. Harrison describes Shankar as "the first person to ever impress me in my life... and he is the only person who does not try to impress me." Harrison became fascinated with the sitar and drowned himself in Indian music. According to Lavezzoli, the launch of the Harrison instrument on The Beatles' "Norwegian Wood" "opens the door for Indian instrumentation in rock music, sparking what Shankar calls' The Great Sitar Explosion '1966-67". Lavezzoli recognizes Harrison as "the person most responsible for this phenomenon".
In June 1966, Harrison met Shankar at Mrs Angadi's house of the Asian Music Circle, asking to be his disciple, and accepted. Prior to this meeting, Harrison had recorded his Revolver song "Love You To", donating the sitar portion Lavezzoli described as "a staggering improvement" over "Norwegian Wood" and "the most perfect performance by musicians rock anything ". On July 6, Harrison went to India to buy a sitar from Rikhi Ram & Children in New Delhi. In September, after the last Beatles tour, he returned to India to study six weeks of sitar with Shankar. He initially lived in Bombay until fans learned of his arrival, then moved to a houseboat in a remote lake in Kashmir. During this visit, he also received guidance from Shambhu Das, commander of Shankar.
Harrison studied the instrument until 1968, when, after discussing with Shankar about the need to find his "roots", a meeting with Clapton and Hendrix at a hotel in New York convinced him to return to playing the guitar. Harrison commented: "I decided... I would not be a great sitar player... because I should have started at least fifteen years earlier." Harrison continued to use occasional Indian instrumentation on his solo album and remained closely associated with the genre. Lavezzoli classified it with Paul Simon and Peter Gabriel as three rock musicians who have given "major exposure to non-Western music, or the concept of 'world music'".
Personal life
Hinduism
By the mid-1960s, Harrison had become an admirer of Indian culture and mysticism, introducing him to other Beatles. During filming Please! in the Bahamas, they met the founder of Sivananda Yoga, Swami Wisnu-devananda, who gave each of them a copy of the signed book, Complete Illustrative Book of Yoga . Between the end of the last Beatles tour in 1966 and the beginning of the Sgt Pepper recording sessions, he made a pilgrimage to India with his wife Pattie; there, he studied sitar with Ravi Shankar, met several teachers, and visited various shrines. In 1968 he traveled to Rishikesh in northern India with other Beatles to study meditation with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. The use of psychicellic drugs Harrison pushed his way into meditation and Hinduism. He commented: "For me, it's like a flash, the first time I have acid, it just opens something in my head that's inside me, and I realize a lot of things I do not learn it because I already know them but that's the key who opened the door to reveal it.From when I had it, I wanted to have it all the time - thinking about the yogis and the Himalayas, and the music of Ravi. "
In line with Hindu yoga tradition, Harrison became vegetarian in the late 1960s. Having been given various religious texts by Shankar in 1966, he remains a lifelong supporter of the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Paramahansa Yogananda - the yogis and writers, respectively, from the King of Yoga and A Yogi's Autobiography In mid-1969, he produced the single "Hare Krishna Mantra", performed by members of the Radha Krishna Temple in London. After also helping the worship of the Temple to be established in England, Harrison then met their leader, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, whom he describes as "my friend... my lord" and "the perfect example of all he preaches". Harrison embraced the Hare Krishna tradition, especially the japa-yoga chants beads, and became a lifelong worshiper.
Of the other religions he once said: "All religions are branches of one big tree, no matter what you call Him as long as you call." He commented on his belief:
Krishna is actually inside the body as a person... What complicates him is, if he is God, what is he doing fighting on the battlefield? It took a long time to try and find out, and again it was Yogananda's spiritual interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita that made me realize what it was. Our idea of ​​Krishna and Arjuna on the battlefield in the chariot. So here's the point - that we are in these bodies, which are like a kind of train, and we are going through this incarnation, this life, which is a kind of battlefield. The sense of the body... is a horse that pulls the train, and we have to control the train by controlling the control. And Arjuna finally said, "Please Krishna, you ride a chariot" because unless we bring Christ or Krishna or Buddha or anyone else of our spiritual guide... we will destroy our chariot, and we will turn over, and we will be killed on the battlefield. That's why we say " Hare Krishna, Hare Krishna ", asking Krishna to come and take over the chariot.
Before the conversion of religion, the only British player known for similar activities had been Cliff Richard, whose conversion to Christianity in 1966 had been largely unknown to the public. "On the contrary," Inglis wrote, "Harrison's spiritual journey is seen as a serious and important development that reflects the maturity of popular music... what he and the Beatles have successfully turned upside down is the paternalistic assumption that popular musicians have no role to play. onstage and sing their hit songs. "
Family and interests
Harrison married Pattie Boyd's model on January 21, 1966, with McCartney serving as the best man. Harrison and Boyd had met in 1964 during the film production of A Hard Day's Night, where 19-year-old Boyd had played a role as a schoolgirl. They split in 1974 and their divorce settled in 1977. Boyd said his decision to end the marriage was largely due to George's repeated disloyalty. The latest affair culminated in an affair with Ringo's wife, Maureen, whom Boyd called "the last straw". He marks the final year of their marriage as "fueled by alcohol and cocaine", and he states: "George uses cocaine in excess, and I think that changes him... froze his emotions and hardened his heart." He then moved with Eric Clapton, and they got married in 1979.
Harrison married Dark Horse Records secretary Olivia Trinidad Arias on September 2, 1978. They met at the A & M Records office in Los Angeles in 1974, and together had one son, Dhani Harrison, born on 1 August 1978.
He restored the home of the English nobleman and Friar Park park, his home in Henley-on-Thames, where several of his music videos were filmed including "Crackerbox Palace"; the land also serves as the backdrop for the cover of All Things Must Pass. He employs ten workers to maintain a 36-hectare garden. Harrison commented on gardening as a form of escape: "Sometimes I feel like I'm on the wrong planet, and that's great when I'm in my garden, but once I get out the gate I think: 'What the hell am I doing here? His autobiography, Me, Me, Mine , is dedicated "to gardeners everywhere." Former Beatles publisher, Derek Taylor, helped Harrison write a book, which is little about The Beatles, which focuses on hobbies, music and lyrics of Harrison Taylor commented: "George did not deny the Beatles... but that was a long time ago and actually a short part of his life."
Harrison has an interest in sports cars and motor racing; he was one of 100 people who bought McLaren F1. He has collected photographs of racers and their cars since he was young; at the age of 12 he attended his first race, the 1955 British Grand Prix at Aintree. He wrote "Faster" in recognition of Formula One racers Jackie Stewart and Ronnie Peterson. The results of his release fell on the cancer charity of Gunnar Nilsson, which was formed after the death of Swedish driver of the disease in 1978. Harrison's first luxury car, 1964 Aston Martin DB5, was sold at auction on December 7, 2011 in London. An anonymous Beatles collector paid £ 350,000 for a vehicle that Harrison purchased new in January 1965.
Relationship with other Beatles
For much of the Beatles' career, relationships within the group were close. According to Hunter Davies, "The Beatles spend their lives instead of living communal lives, but communally live the same life, they are the best friends with each other." Harrison's ex-wife Pattie Boyd describes how the Beatles are "all belonging to one another" and admits, "George has many things with others that I never knew No one, not even wives, can break through or even understand. "Starr said," We really care about each other and we have a lot of laughter together In the past we will have the largest hotel suite, the entire hotel floor, and the four of us will end up in the bathroom, just to be with each other. He adds, "there are some truly loving and caring moments among four people: hotel rooms here and there - amazing proximity.Only four people love each other is very sensational."
Lennon stated that his relationship with Harrison was "one of the younger followers and the older man... [he] was like my disciple when we started." The two are then tied to their LSD experience, finding common ground as a spiritual seeker. They took radically different paths afterwards, Harrison discovered God and Lennon came to the conclusion that humans are the creators of their own lives. In 1974 Harrison said of the former bandmate: "John Lennon is a saint and he's a tough task, and he's great and I love him, but at the same time he's like a bastard - but that's great about him , understand? "
Harrison and McCartney are the first of the Beatles to meet, having shared a school bus, and often learn and train new guitar chords together. McCartney states that he and Harrison usually share rooms while on tour. McCartney was the best man at Harrison's wedding in 1966, and was the only Beatle present. McCartney calls Harrison "his brother". In a BBC 1974 radio interview with Alan Freeman, Harrison stated: "[McCartney] destroyed me as a guitarist". Perhaps the most significant obstacle in the Beatles reunion after Lennon's death was Harrison and McCartney's personal relationships, since the two men admitted that they often sympathized with each other. Rodriguez commented: "Even until the end of George's time, their relationship was unstable".
Humanitarian work
Harrison was involved in humanitarian and political activism throughout his life. In the 1960s, The Beatles supported the civil rights movement and protested the Vietnam War. After the band broke up, Ravi Shankar consulted with Harrison on how to provide assistance to the people of Bangladesh after the 1970 Bhola storm and the Bangladesh Liberation War. Harrison recorded the song "Bangla Desh", and prompted Apple Records to release his song with Shankar "Joy Bangla" in an effort to raise funds. Shankar then asked Harrison's advice about planning a small charity event in the US. Harrison responded by holding a Concert for Bangladesh, which raised more than $ 240,000. In June 1972, UNICEF honored Harrison and Shankar with the award "Child is the Father of Man" at the annual ceremony in recognition of their fundraising efforts for Bangladesh.
George Harrison's humanitarian fund for UNICEF, a joint effort between the Harrison family and the US Fund for UNICEF, aims to support programs that help children get caught in a humanitarian emergency. In December 2007, they donated $ 450,000 to help victims of Typhoon Sidr in Bangladesh. On October 13, 2009, George Harrison's First Humanitarian Award was given to Ravi Shankar for his efforts to save the lives of children, and his involvement with the Concert for Bangladesh.
Movie HandMade
In 1973 Peter Sellers introduced Harrison to Denis O'Brien. Soon after, both of them went into business together. In 1978, in an effort to produce Monty Python Life of Brian , they formed the production and distribution company of the film HandMade Films. Harrison explains: "The company name appears as a bit of a joke.. I've been to Wooky Hole in Somerset... close to an old paper factory where they show you how to make old pants into paper so I bought some rolls, and they have 'Paper Handmade English 'watermark this... So we say... we'll call it Handcrafted Films. "
Their opportunity for investment came after EMI Films withdrew funds at the request of their chief executive, Bernard Delfont. Harrison financed the production of Brian's Life partly by mortgaging his home, which was then called by Idle "the most people ever paid for cinema tickets in history". The film grossed $ 21 million at the box office in the US. The first film distributed by HandMade Films was The Long Good Friday (1980), and the first film they produced was Time Bandits (1981), a project co-scripted by Monty Python ' s Terry Gilliam and Michael Palin. The film featured a new song by Harrison, "Dream Away", in closing credits. Time Bandit became one of the most successful and recognized HandMade efforts; with a budget of $ 5 million, it earned $ 35 million in the US within ten weeks of its release.
Harrison menjab
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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