Different religions have different attitudes in the use of marijuana, historically and nowadays. In ancient history, some religions used cannabis as entheogenic, especially in South Asia where tradition continued more limitedly.
In the modern era, religions with prohibitions against liquor, such as Islam, Buddhism, Baha'is, Latter-day Saints (Mormon), and others have opposed the use of cannabis by members, or in some cases opposed to the liberalization of cannabis law. Other groups, such as some Protestant and Jewish factions, have supported the use of drug marijuana.
Video Cannabis and religion
BahÃÆ'¡'ÃÆ'
In FaÃÆ'¡'ÃÆ' Faith, the use of alcohol and other drugs for intoxication, as opposed to a doctor's prescription, is prohibited, refer to Bahá''á laws. But the practice of Bahá''á is such a law should be applied with "wisdom and wisdom". Tobacco use is an individual decision, but is strongly criticized and not explicitly prohibited. The BahÃÆ'¡'Ã O Authority spoke against intoxicating drugs from an early stage of religion, with the words' Abdu'l-Bahá¡:
Regarding hashish You have shown that some Persians have been habituated against their use. God of mercy! This is the worst of all liquor, and its prohibition is explicitly revealed. Its use leads to the disintegration of thought and total inaction of the soul. How can one seek fruit from the tree of hell, and by taking part from it, guided to give an example of the quality of a monster? How could anyone use this drug, and thus deprive him of the blessings of the Most Merciful? Alcohol consumes the mind and causes humans to perform the act of absurdity, but this opium, the rotting fruit of this hell tree, and this evil hashish quell the mind, freeze the spirit, petrify the soul, wasting the body and frustrating humans and getting lost..
Maps Cannabis and religion
Buddhism
In Buddhism, the Fifth Precept is often interpreted as "refraining from intoxicating drinks and drugs causing negligence", although in some direct translations the Fifth Precept refers specifically to alcohol. Cannabis and some other psychoactive plants are specially specified in Mah? K? La Tantra for medicinal purposes.
Christianity
Catholicism
Prior to assuming his position as leader of the Catholic Church, Pope Francis had spoken out against marijuana recreation. He stated in 2013 in Buenos Aires: "The decline in the spread and influence of drug addiction will not be achieved by the liberalization of drug use." The Catechism of the Catholic Church states that "The use of drugs inflicts enormous damage to health and life, their use, except on a strict therapeutic basis, is a major offense."
Orthodoxy
The Georgian Orthodox Church has rejected the legalization of marijuana in the country.
Protestantism
The Convention of the Baptist State of Arkansas voted to prevent medical marijuana by 2016. In 2016, executive director of the Florida Baptist Convention, Tommy Green, also said that the congregation should be encouraged to vote against the legalization of medical marijuana in Florida. The National Evangelical Association of Belize opposes the decriminalization of marijuana in Belize by 2017.
The Assemblies of God USA, as well as Pentecostal churches and other holiness, have historically advocated not abstinence from all alcohol, tobacco, and narcotics. Proponents of this view generally cite Bible verses that command respect for one's body and prohibit poisoning.
Other Protestant churches have endorsed the legality of medical marijuana, including Presbyterian Church (USA), United Methodist Church, United Church of Christ, and Episcopal Church.
Hinduism
During the Holi festival in India and Nepal, people consume bhang containing marijuana flowers. According to one description, when the amrita (elixir of life) resulted from the stirring of the oceans by the gods and the asuras, Shiva created marijuana from his own body to purify elixir (from which, to marijuana, nicknames angaja or "born body"). Other accounts show that marijuana plants are popping up when a drop of elixir falls to the ground. Thus, marijuana is used by the sage because of the relationship with elixir and Shiva. In Hinduism, the wise drinking of bhang (containing marijuana), according to religious ritual, is believed to cleanse sin, unite one with Shiva and avoid the misery of hell in the next life. It is also believed to have medicinal benefits. Conversely, drinking stupid bhang without ritual is considered a sin.
Although marijuana is an illegal drug in Nepal, many Nepalis consume it during festivals (such as Shivaratri), which the government tolerates to some extent.
Islam
Quran does not directly prohibit cannabis; However, marijuana is regarded as khamr (which is intoxicating) by many scholars and therefore is generally believed to be haraam (off limits). A hadith by the Prophet Muhammad states: "If a lot of intoxicating, then a bit is haram." Despite this ban, marijuana is consumed in many parts of the Islamic world, sometimes even in the context of religion especially in the Sufi mystical movement. In 1378 Soudoun Sheikouni, Emir of Joneima in Arabia, banning marijuana, is considered one of the first proved cannabis bans in the world.
The Sufi tradition links the discovery of marijuana with Jafar Sharazi (Sheikh Haydar), a Sufi leader in the 12th century. Another Sufi connects its origin with apocrypha Khidir ("Green Man").
Some modern Islamic leaders claim that medical marijuana, but not recreation, is permissible in Islam. Imam Mohammad Elahi in Dearborn Heights, Michigan (USA), states: "Surely, smoking marijuana for fun is wrong... It should be allowed only if it is the only option in a medical condition prescribed by a medical expert."
Judaism
Although the argument has not been accepted by mainstream scholars, some authors theorize that cannabis may have been used ritually in early Judaism, although this claim "has been widely rejected as a mistake". Sula Benet (1967) states that the plant kaneh bosm ????? - ?????? is mentioned five times in the Hebrew Bible, and used in the holy anointing oil of the Book of Exodus, is actually marijuana, although the Hebrew lexicon and the biblical dictionaries like by Michael Zohary (1985), Hans Arne Jensen (2004) and James A Duke (2010) and others have identified the plant as either Acorus calamus or Cymbopogon citratus .
In the modern era, Orthodox rabbi Moshe Feinstein claimed in 1973 that cannabis was not allowed under Jewish law, because of its harmful effects. However Orthodox rabbis Ephraim Zalmanovich (2013) and Chaim Kanievsky (2016) claim that medical, but not recreational, marijuana is halal.
Latter-day Saints
At The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, there is a general prohibition to intoxicating intoxicating substances. In August 1915, the LDS Church banned the use of cannabis by its members. In 2016, the First Presidency of the Church urges members to oppose the legalization of recreational marijuana use. The LDS Church says it has "no objection to SB 89" (non-psychoactive medical marijuana in Utah).
Rastafari
It is not known when Rastafari first claimed marijuana as sacred, but it is clear that in the late 1940s Rastafari was associated with smoking marijuana in the Pinnacle community of Leonard Howell. Rastafari sees cannabis as a sacramental plant and is very useful that is the Tree of Life mentioned in the Bible. Peter Tosh, among many others, has quoted Revelation 22: 2 , "... his concoction is the healing of nations." The use of marijuana, and especially long-stemmed water pipes called trophies, is an integral part of the so-called Rastafari "reasoning sessions" in which members join together to discuss life in accordance with the Rasta perspective. They see the use of cannabis as bringing them closer to God (Jah), allowing the user to penetrate the truth of things more clearly.
Although there is no need to use marijuana to become Rastafari, many use it regularly as part of their faith, and cannabis pipes are dedicated to the Imperial Emperor Haile Selassie I before I smoke. According to the anti-cult group the Brother Watchman "Spice is the key to a new understanding of self, the universe, and God, this is the vehicle toward cosmic consciousness" and is believed to burn corruption from the human heart. Rubbing ash into the skin from smoking marijuana is also considered a healthy practice.
Part of the Rastafari movement, the elders of the twentieth-century religious movement known as Ethiopian Coptic Zionist Church, regarded cannabis as the "eucharist", claiming it as an oral tradition of Ethiopia dating from the time of Christ.
Scientology
Scientology opposes marijuana use, and makes "Truth About Cannabis" the focus of their 2016 World Health Day presentation.
Sikhism
In Sikhism, the First Guru Sikh, Guru Nanak, states that using mind changing substance (without medical purpose) is a distraction to keep the mind clean of God's name. According to Sikh Rehat Maryada, a Sikh should not take hemp, opium, liquor, tobacco, any liquor in short, his regular intake is only food and water.
However, there is the Sikh tradition of using edible marijuana, often in the form of bhang beverages, especially among the Sikh people known as Nihang.
Taoism
Beginning around the 4th century, Taoist texts mention using marijuana in censorship tools. Needham quotes the encyclopedia Tao (ca. 570 AD) Wushang Biyao ???? ("Essential Supreme Secrets") that marijuana was added to the ritual incense burner, and suggested the ancient Tao systematically experimented with "hallucinogenic smoke". The Yuanshi shangzhen zhongxian ji ??????? ("Record of God's Perfection Session"), which is associated with Ge Hong (283-343), says:
- For those who start practicing the Tao does not need to go to the mountain.... Some by refining incense and sowing and sweeping can also bring down the Enlightened God. The followers of Lady Wei and Hsu are of this type.
Lady Wei Huacun ??? (252-334) and Xu Mi ?? (303-376) founded the Shangqing Tao School. Shangqing writing should be dictated to Yang Xi ?? (330-c.386) in the night revelation from eternity, and Needham proposes that "aided almost certainly by cannabis". The Mingyi bielu ???? ("Additional Records of Renowned Doctors"), written by the pharmacologist Tao Tao Hongjing (456-536), who also wrote the first comment on the Shangqing canon, said, "Seeds (??) are very little used in medicine but the wizard-technicians (shujia) say that if one eats it with ginseng, it will provide a temporary knowledge of future events. "A Taoist medical work of the century 6th, Wuzangjing ??? ("Five Viscera Classic") says, "If you want to command a demonic appearance to present yourself, you must constantly eat the flaxseed plant flower."
Joseph Needham relates the myth of Magu, "Hemp Damsel", to the early use of marijuana religions, indicating that Magu is the sacred goddess of Mount Tai in Shandong, where marijuana "should be collected on the seventh day of the seventh month, the day of community seance banquet Tao. "
Other religious movements using cannabis
Other religions have been established in the last century that treat cannabis as a sacrament. They include the church of Santo Daime, THC Ministry, Cantheism, Cannabis Assembly, Church of Cognitive Therapy (COCT Ministry), Temple 420, Green Faith Ministries, Cognizance Church, Church of the Universe, the Free Marijuana Church of Honolulu, First Cannabis Church of Florida World Wide, the Free Life Service Church from Canthe, the Church of Higher Awareness, and the Federal Collective Agencies of Collective of Palm Springs, CA. The True Temple of the Inner Light believes that marijuana is one part of God's body, along with classic psychedelics: mescaline, psilocybin, LSD, and DMT. First Church of Cannabis Inc. officially gaining legal recognition in Indiana in 2015 following the passage of the country's Religious Religious Freedom Act. The non-profit religious organization Elevation Ministries opened its headquarters in Denver, known as the International Ganja Church, on April 20, 2017.
Modern spiritual figures such as Ram Dass openly admit that marijuana use has allowed them to gain a more spiritual perspective and use the herb often for both medicinal and mind-changing properties.
In Mexico, cult followers of Santa Muerte regularly use cannabis smoke in purification ceremonies, with hemp often taking place of incense used in mainstream Catholic rituals.
See also
- Religion and medicine
- Charas
- Entheogenic drugs and archaeological records
- Free Exercise Clause
- Freedom of thought
- Magu (god)
- HealTHCare
References
Further reading
- Booth, Martin. (2004). Ganja: A History . St. Martin's Press. ISBNÃ, 0-312-32220-8
- Shields, Rev. Dennis (1995). Holy Pottery . Source: "The Religion of Jesus Church - The Holy Herb". Hialoha.com. Archived from original on 2011-07-11 . Retrieved 2011-04-20 .
- Bennett, Chris, "Cannabis and the Soma Solution", (Trineday, 2010) ISBN: 0984185801
- Bennett, Chris; McQueen, Neil, "Sex, Drugs, Violence, and the Bible" (Forbidden Fruit Publishing.com) ISBNÃ, 1550567985
- Bennett, Chris; Lynn Osburn & amp; Judy Osburn (1995). Green Gold Tree of Life: Marijuana at Magic & amp; Religion. CA: Unlimited Access. ISBN: 0-9629872-2-0
- Our Ancestral Pattern
- Jackson, Simon (2007). '' Cannabis & amp; Meditation - Explorers' Guide. Headstuff Books. ISBN 978-0-9553853-1-5. Second Edition (2009) ISBN 978-0-9553853-4-6
External links
- Nectar of Delight: The Early History of Cannabis, from Plants of the Gods by Schultes & amp; Hofmann
- Cannabis in Ancient Greece by Chris Bennett, August 2016
- Higher Self Awakening by Matthew Webb, July 1989
- Elevation Ministries, based in Denver, Colorado
- Ministry of Greenfaith, based in Nunn, Colorado
- Church of Healing, Catholic organization in Providence, Rhode Island
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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